My idea of god.

When I was around 3 years old the home we lived is inside a mango grove. and there is a one hut beside our house and nothing around. One night when I'm sleeping with my parents. it started raining. I hear the thunders and lightings and windows are making sounds. I renumber it might be my first experience of such thing. I scarred. at that time my mother told me "Dot scare there is god for us he will save us and he will be with us. noting will happen to us". at that time I believed in her. and hence I believed in god very strongly that he will definitely save me. and I stop scarring and I survived that night sleep. when I remember that I can till hear the sounds of that windows and the thunder and my mother's caring. 

How to spot jupiter in the night sky

Jupiter stays all night log the February. As soon as sun sets and sky turns black most probably you can spot Jupiter. Thus, in February 2014, Jupiter is nearly at its best for the year. Remember it’s the brightest star-like object in the sky for most of the night, throughout February.

The software application Stellarium helps you to spot planets and stars in the sky. You should set location and time. Stellarium is a free open source planetarium for your computer. It shows a realistic sky in 3D, just like what you see with the naked eye, binoculars or a telescope.

It is being used in planetarium projectors. Just set your coordinates and go. 

My First Solar Projection.

 My desire to make solar projection and observe the transit of Venus, made me to buy a telescope. I cam to my home town Kakinada form Hyderabad.  

At my region the transit of Venus starts almost one hour before sun rise and it was in progress during sun rise. we can not observe the transit of Venus even from the start of sun rise, because building around my house. So I decided to go to sea shore at the early morning before the time of sun rise. To observe and capture the transit form the beginning of the sun rise.

On morning  05:30 AM of  6 jun 2012 me and my brother are at sea shore of Kakinada with telescope and solar filters. There was something I was suspecting and it disappointed us.  The sky near horizon is partly cloudy. it is very hard to find sun rise. after few minutes the sun is partly cam visible from clouds. Transit is in progress and we can able to see it through solar filters. Now the sun intensity is not too high and also not enough to project through my telescope. As time passes that sun intensity increases  and can able to see even from our home. we went to home and fixed the telescope in its position.

Since it was my first solar projection I'm not confident about. I just fitted the telescope on tripod and placed a sheet of white paper in front of eye peace, pointing the telescope approximately towards sun. Now I started adjusting the angle so I may see the projection. the focus is not clear. But when I adjusted the eyepiece focus slowly a dark spot appeared. to make sure that was not a dust particle on telescope or on paper i have done some rough checks. I started adjusting the focus of the telescope eyepiece the dot appears more brighter

Need for solar Projection.

Observing the Sun can be dangerous without the proper precautions. Looking directly at the Sun without adequate protective filters can result in irreversible eye damage. I have chosen the screen-projection method. You don't look at the Sun directly; instead a telescope casts a magnified image of the Sun onto a screen.

 Do NOT look directly at the Sun! Do not use so called filters. Over exposed film, smoked glass etc. used as filters is NOT, repeate NOT safe. Never use eyepiece filters for telescopes. These can crack at inopportune times and destroy your eyesight.

How to make a simple solar projection equipment your self.

 Things you require 

1. Any kind of telescope
2. A card board sheet ( rough )
3. A white paper.
4. you may need a camera if you want to capture it.

 Make a hole to the card board  such that your telescope fits into it like this as show in figure and place a white paper in front of  the telescope  that's it. you have done your equipment to study sun and observe the astronomical events regarding sun is ready.

 

A Successful Projection

 

 

Tracking artificial satellites

Did you ever think about where an artificial satellites is orbiting. Or are do you just have a need to know where satellites are positioned at any given moment? . Or what satellites are above you head ?
yes I too like to track the satellites. we all can do it.

To Define the apparent position of an object in the sky. Usually a satellite,planet or moon with respective point on the ground. We need two parameters.

1) azimuth(az) angle
The azimuth (az) angle is the compass bearing, relative to true (geographic) north, of a point on the horizon directly beneath an observed object. The horizon is defined as a huge, imaginary circle centered on the observer, equidistant from the zenith (point straight overhead) and the nadir (point exactly opposite the zenith). As seen from above the observer, compass bearings are measured clockwise in degrees from north. Azimuth angles can thus range from 0 degrees (north) through 90 (east), 180 (south), 270 (west), and up to 360 (north again).


2) Elevation(el) angle
The elevation (el) angle, also called the altitude, of an observed object is determined by first finding the compass bearing on the horizon relative to true north, and then measuring the angle between that point and the object, from the reference frame of the observer. Elevation angles for objects above the horizon range from 0 (on the horizon) up to 90 degrees (at the zenith). Sometimes the range of the elevation coordinate is extended downward from the horizon to -90 degrees (the nadir). This is useful when the observer is located at some distance above the surface, such as in an aircraft.

Now you need another two parameters to locate your ground station.


Longitude and latitude. You can simply find them in Google earth.


So if you know the azimuth and elevation angle with respective our ground station, we can easily point out the satellite in our visible sky.


Today I googled and found a free real-time satellite tracking software. GPREDICT.


Gpredict is a real-time satellite tracking and orbit prediction application. It can track an unlimited number of satellites and display their position and other data in lists, tables, maps, and polar plots (radar view). Gpredict can also predict the time of future passes for a satellite, and provide you with detailed information about each pass.

Screen shot of GPREDICT

Video

All Albert Einstein quotes

A man should look for what is, and not for what he thinks should be.
Albert Einstein

A perfection of means, and confusion of aims, seems to be our main problem.
Albert Einstein

A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new.
Albert Einstein

A question that sometimes drives me hazy: am I or are the others crazy?
Albert Einstein

Confusion of goals and perfection of means seems, in my opinion, to characterize our age.
Albert Einstein

Do not worry about your difficulties in Mathematics. I can assure you mine are still greater.
Albert Einstein

Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.
Albert Einstein

Everyone should be respected as an individual, but no one idolized.
Albert Einstein

Everything should be as simple as it is, but not simpler.
Albert Einstein

Everything that can be counted does not necessarily count; everything that counts cannot necessarily be counted.
Albert Einstein

Few are those who see with their own eyes and feel with their own hearts.
Albert Einstein

Few people are capable of expressing with equanimity opinions which differ from the prejudices of their social environment. Most people are even incapable of forming such opinions.
Albert Einstein

Force always attracts men of low morality.
Albert Einstein

God always takes the simplest way.
Albert Einstein

God does not play dice.
Albert Einstein

God may be subtle, but he isn't plain mean.
Albert Einstein

Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love.
Albert Einstein

Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds.
Albert Einstein

He who can no longer pause to wonder and stand rapt in awe, is as good as dead; his eyes are closed.
Albert Einstein

He who joyfully marches to music in rank and file has already earned my contempt. He has been given a large brain by mistake, since for him the spinal cord would suffice.
Albert Einstein

Heroism on command, senseless violence, and all the loathsome nonsense that goes by the name of patriotism - how passionately I hate them!
Albert Einstein

Human beings must have action; and they will make it if they cannot find it.
Albert Einstein

I am a deeply religious nonbeliever - this is a somewhat new kind of religion.
Albert Einstein

I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination.
Albert Einstein

I am not only a pacifist but a militant pacifist. I am willing to fight for peace. Nothing will end war unless the people themselves refuse to go to war.
Albert Einstein

I believe that a simple and unassuming manner of life is best for everyone, best both for the body and the mind.
Albert Einstein

I cannot imagine a God who rewards and punishes the objects of his creation and is but a reflection of human frailty.
Albert Einstein

I do not believe in immortality of the individual, and I consider ethics to be an exclusively human concern with no superhuman authority behind it.
Albert Einstein

I do not believe in the God of theology who rewards good and punishes evil.
Albert Einstein

I do not believe that civilization will be wiped out in a war fought with the atomic bomb. Perhaps two-thirds of the people of the earth will be killed.
Albert Einstein

I have just got a new theory of eternity.
Albert Einstein

I have no special talent. I am only passionately curious.
Albert Einstein

I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones.
Albert Einstein

I live in that solitude which is painful in youth, but delicious in the years of maturity.
Albert Einstein

I never think of the future - it comes soon enough.
Albert Einstein

I shall never believe that God plays dice with the world.
Albert Einstein

I think and think for months and years. Ninety-nine times, the conclusion is false. The hundredth time I am right.
Albert Einstein

I used to go away for weeks in a state of confusion.
Albert Einstein

I want to know all Gods thoughts; all the rest are just details.
Albert Einstein

If people are good only because they fear punishment, and hope for reward, then we are a sorry lot indeed.
Albert Einstein

If the facts don't fit the theory, change the facts.
Albert Einstein

If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?
Albert Einstein

If you are out to describe the truth, leave elegance to the tailor.
Albert Einstein

If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough.
Albert Einstein


Imagination is everything. It is the preview of life's coming attractions.
Albert Einstein

Imagination is more important than knowledge.
Albert Einstein

In matters of truth and justice, there is no difference between large and small problems, for issues concerning the treatment of people are all the same.
Albert Einstein

In order to be an immaculate member of a flock of sheep, one must above all be a sheep oneself.
Albert Einstein

Information is not knowledge.
Albert Einstein

Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.
Albert Einstein

Intellectual growth should commence at birth and cease only at death.
Albert Einstein

Intellectuals solve problems, geniuses prevent them.
Albert Einstein

Isn't it strange that I who have written only unpopular books should be such a popular fellow?
Albert Einstein

It gives me great pleasure indeed to see the stubbornness of an incorrigible nonconformist warmly acclaimed.
Albert Einstein

It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity.
Albert Einstein

It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education.
Albert Einstein

It is my conviction that killing under the cloak of war is nothing but an act of murder.
Albert Einstein

It is only to the individual that a soul is given.
Albert Einstein

It is strange to be known so universally and yet to be so lonely.
Albert Einstein

It is the supreme art of the teacher to awaken joy in creative expression and knowledge.
Albert Einstein

It should be possible to explain the laws of physics to a barmaid.
Albert Einstein

It stands to the everlasting credit of science that by acting on the human mind it has overcome man's insecurity before himself and before nature.
Albert Einstein

It was the experience of mystery - even if mixed with fear - that engendered religion.
Albert Einstein

It's not that I'm so smart, it's just that I stay with problems longer.
Albert Einstein


Joy in looking and comprehending is nature's most beautiful gift.
Albert Einstein

Knowledge of what is does not open the door directly to what should be.
Albert Einstein

Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning.
Albert Einstein

Let every man be respected as an individual and no man idolized.
Albert Einstein

Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.
Albert Einstein

Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better.
Albert Einstein

Love is a better teacher than duty.
Albert Einstein

Make everything as simple as possible, but not simpler.
Albert Einstein

Memory is deceptive because it is colored by today's events.
Albert Einstein

Morality is of the highest importance - but for us, not for God.
Albert Einstein

Most of the fundamental ideas of science are essentially simple, and may, as a rule, be expressed in a language comprehensible to everyone.
Albert Einstein

Most people say that is it is the intellect which makes a great scientist. They are wrong: it is character.
Albert Einstein

My religion consists of a humble admiration of the illimitable superior spirit who reveals himself in the slight details we are able to perceive with our frail and feeble mind.
Albert Einstein

Nationalism is an infantile disease. It is the measles of mankind.
Albert Einstein

Never do anything against conscience even if the state demands it.
Albert Einstein

Never lose a holy curiosity.
Albert Einstein

No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right; a single experiment can prove me wrong.
Albert Einstein

No problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it.
Albert Einstein

Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted.
Albert Einstein

Nothing is more destructive of respect for the government and the law of the land than passing laws which cannot be enforced.
Albert Einstein

Occurrences in this domain are beyond the reach of exact prediction because of the variety of factors in operation, not because of any lack of order in nature.
Albert Einstein

Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them.
Albert Einstein

One may say the eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility.
Albert Einstein

One strength of the communist system of the East is that it has some of the character of a religion and inspires the emotions of a religion.
Albert Einstein

Only a life lived for others is a life worthwhile.
Albert Einstein

Only one who devotes himself to a cause with his whole strength and soul can be a true master. For this reason mastery demands all of a person.
Albert Einstein

Only two things are infinite, the universe and human stupidity, and I'm not sure about the former.
Albert Einstein

Our task must be to free ourselves by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature and its beauty.
Albert Einstein

Peace cannot be kept by force; it can only be achieved by understanding.
Albert Einstein

People love chopping wood. In this activity one immediately sees results.
Albert Einstein

Perfection of means and confusion of ends seem to characterize our age.
Albert Einstein

Politics is for the present, but an equation is for eternity.
Albert Einstein

Pure mathematics is, in its way, the poetry of logical ideas.
Albert Einstein

Reading, after a certain age, diverts the mind too much from its creative pursuits. Any man who reads too much and uses his own brain too little falls into lazy habits of thinking.
Albert Einstein

Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one.
Albert Einstein

Science is a wonderful thing if one does not have to earn one's living at it.
Albert Einstein

Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.
Albert Einstein

Small is the number of people who see with their eyes and think with their minds.
Albert Einstein

Solitude is painful when one is young, but delightful when one is more mature.
Albert Einstein

Sometimes one pays most for the things one gets for nothing.
Albert Einstein

Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value.
Albert Einstein

Technological progress is like an axe in the hands of a pathological criminal.
Albert Einstein

That deep emotional conviction of the presence of a superior reasoning power, which is revealed in the incomprehensible universe, forms my idea of God.
Albert Einstein

The attempt to combine wisdom and power has only rarely been successful and then only for a short while.
Albert Einstein

The devil has put a penalty on all things we enjoy in life. Either we suffer in health or we suffer in soul or we get fat.
Albert Einstein

The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.
Albert Einstein

The distinction between the past, present and future is only a stubbornly persistent illusion.
Albert Einstein

The environment is everything that isn't me.
Albert Einstein

The faster you go, the shorter you are.
Albert Einstein

The fear of death is the most unjustified of all fears, for there's no risk of accident for someone who's dead.
Albert Einstein

The gift of fantasy has meant more to me than my talent for absorbing positive knowledge.
Albert Einstein

The grand aim of all science is to cover the greatest number of empirical facts by logical deduction from the smallest number of hypotheses or axioms.
Albert Einstein

The hardest thing to understand in the world is the income tax.
Albert Einstein

The high destiny of the individual is to serve rather than to rule.
Albert Einstein

The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing.
Albert Einstein

The man of science is a poor philosopher.
Albert Einstein

The monotony and solitude of a quiet life stimulates the creative mind.
Albert Einstein

The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science.
Albert Einstein

The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.
Albert Einstein

The only real valuable thing is intuition.
Albert Einstein



The only reason for time is so that everything doesn't happen at once.
Albert Einstein

The only source of knowledge is experience.
Albert Einstein

The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education.
Albert Einstein

The process of scientific discovery is, in effect, a continual flight from wonder.
Albert Einstein

The pursuit of truth and beauty is a sphere of activity in which we are permitted to remain children all our lives.
Albert Einstein

The release of atomic energy has not created a new problem. It has merely made more urgent the necessity of solving an existing one.
Albert Einstein

The road to perdition has ever been accompanied by lip service to an ideal.
Albert Einstein

The secret to creativity is knowing how to hide your sources.
Albert Einstein

The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination.
Albert Einstein

The unleashed power of the atom has changed everything save our modes of thinking and we thus drift toward unparalleled catastrophe.
Albert Einstein

The value of a man should be seen in what he gives and not in what he is able to receive.
Albert Einstein

The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking.
Albert Einstein

The world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil, but because of the people who don't do anything about it.
Albert Einstein

There are two ways to live: you can live as if nothing is a miracle; you can live as if everything is a miracle.
Albert Einstein

There comes a time when the mind takes a higher plane of knowledge but can never prove how it got there.
Albert Einstein

There could be no fairer destiny for any physical theory than that it should point the way to a more comprehensive theory in which it lives on as a limiting case.
Albert Einstein

There is no logical way to the discovery of these elemental laws. There is only the way of intuition, which is helped by a feeling for the order lying behind the appearance.
Albert Einstein

Things should be made as simple as possible, but not any simpler.
Albert Einstein

Time is what prevents everything from happening at once.
Albert Einstein

To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.
Albert Einstein


A table, a chair, a bowl of fruit and a violin; what else does a man need to be happy?
Albert Einstein

All religions, arts and sciences are branches of the same tree.
Albert Einstein

All that is valuable in human society depends upon the opportunity for development accorded the individual.
Albert Einstein

All these primary impulses, not easily described in words, are the springs of man's actions.
Albert Einstein

An empty stomach is not a good political adviser.
Albert Einstein

Anger dwells only in the bosom of fools.
Albert Einstein

Any intelligent fool can make things bigger and more complex... It takes a touch of genius - and a lot of courage to move in the opposite direction.
Albert Einstein

Any man who can drive safely while kissing a pretty girl is simply not giving the kiss the attention it deserves.
Albert Einstein

Any man who reads too much and uses his own brain too little falls into lazy habits of thinking.
Albert Einstein

Anyone who doesn't take truth seriously in small matters cannot be trusted in large ones either.
Albert Einstein

Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.
Albert Einstein

As far as I'm concerned, I prefer silent vice to ostentatious virtue.
Albert Einstein

As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain, and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.
Albert Einstein

Before God we are all equally wise - and equally foolish.
Albert Einstein

Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by age eighteen.
Albert Einstein

Concern for man and his fate must always form the chief interest of all technical endeavors. Never forget this in the midst of your diagrams and equations.
Albert Einstein


To the Master's honor all must turn, each in its track, without a sound, forever tracing Newton's ground.
Albert Einstein

Too many of us look upon Americans as dollar chasers. This is a cruel libel, even if it is reiterated thoughtlessly by the Americans themselves.
Albert Einstein

True art is characterized by an irresistible urge in the creative artist.
Albert Einstein

True religion is real living; living with all one's soul, with all one's goodness and righteousness.
Albert Einstein

Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value.
Albert Einstein

Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe.
Albert Einstein

We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.
Albert Einstein

We cannot despair of humanity, since we ourselves are human beings.
Albert Einstein

We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.
Albert Einstein

We shall require a substantially new manner of thinking if mankind is to survive.
Albert Einstein

We should take care not to make the intellect our god; it has, of course, powerful muscles, but no personality.
Albert Einstein

We still do not know one thousandth of one percent of what nature has revealed to us.
Albert Einstein

Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
Albert Einstein

When I examine myself and my methods of thought, I come to the conclusion that the gift of fantasy has meant more to me than any talent for abstract, positive thinking.
Albert Einstein

When the solution is simple, God is answering.
Albert Einstein

When you are courting a nice girl an hour seems like a second. When you sit on a red-hot cinder a second seems like an hour. That's relativity.
Albert Einstein

Whoever is careless with the truth in small matters cannot be trusted with important matters.
Albert Einstein

Whoever undertakes to set himself up as a judge of Truth and Knowledge is shipwrecked by the laughter of the gods.
Albert Einstein

Without deep reflection one knows from daily life that one exists for other people.
Albert Einstein

You ask me if I keep a notebook to record my great ideas. I've only ever had one.
Albert Einstein

You can never solve a problem on the level on which it was created.
Albert Einstein

You cannot simultaneously prevent and prepare for war.
Albert Einstein

You have to learn the rules of the game. And then you have to play better than anyone else.
Albert Einstein

Object tracking using corss correlation

Cross correlation is a standard method of estimating the degree to which two series are correlated.Once the
straightforward representation for digital images is a two-dimensional signal, which are generally the outputs of
two-dimensional systems, we need the mathematical concepts used in the study of such systems.
A digital image can be represented as a two dimensional matrix. Its elements are called pixels and to each
pixel it is associated a color intensity or a grey-level value. In the case of color images, an usual color system is
the RGB one.

if two images are cross-correlated then the resultant signal results a peak where there is higher similarity. the location of the peak is the location of the object.

This is my simple experiment in Matlab







Download source code

C program to Reading and writing a wave file

The WAVE file format is a subset of Microsoft's RIFF specification for the storage of multimedia files. A RIFF file starts out with a file header followed by a sequence of data chunks. A WAVE file is often just a RIFF file with a single "WAVE" chunk which consists of two sub-chunks -- a "fmt " chunk specifying the data format and a "data" chunk containing the actual sample data. Call this form the "Canonical form". Who knows how it really all works.



Download source code

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

struct file_header

{

unsigned char RIFF[4];

unsigned long int ChunkSize;

char WAVE[4];

char fmt[4];

unsigned long int Subchunk1Size;

unsigned short int AudioFormat;

unsigned short int NumChannels;

unsigned long int SampleRate;

unsigned long int ByteRate;

unsigned short int BlockAlign;

unsigned short int BitsPerSample;

char data[4];

unsigned long int Subchuk2Size;

};





struct HeaderType {

  long         RIFF;      //RIFF header

  char         NI1 [18];  //not important



  unsigned int Channels;  //channels 1 = mono; 2 = stereo

  long         Frequency; //sample frequency

  char         NI2 [6];   //not important

  char         BitRes;    //bit resolution 8/16 bit

  char         NI3 [12];  //not important

} Header;







struct sample

{

unsigned short int left_channel;

unsigned short int right_channel;



};



int main()

{

FILE *fp;



struct file_header source_header;

struct sample source_sample;



fp=fopen("hello.wav","rb");



fread(&source_header,sizeof(struct file_header),1,fp);



/*

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.RIFF));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.ChunkSize));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.WAVE));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.fmt));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.Subchunk1Size));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.AudioFormat));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.NumChannels));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.SampleRate));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.ByteRate));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.ByteRate));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.BlockAlign));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.BitsPerSample));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.data));

printf("%d \n",sizeof(source_header.Subchuk2Size));

*/









printf("Audio format: %u \n",source_header.AudioFormat);

printf("Number fo channles: %u \n",source_header.NumChannels);

printf("Sample rate: %u \n",source_header.SampleRate);

printf("Byte rate: %u \n",source_header.ByteRate);

printf("Bits per simple: %u \n",source_header.BitsPerSample);









return 0;

}